Hi Todd, Thanks. could you pls check with the book of JNCIP-M on page 493 abt. P1 EBGP Peering. after reading, culd you pls confirm me if both R1 and R2 need to "accept data", after R1 fail, will R2 become master and has BGP peer with P1 without "accept data"? -- Michael <wsf at vodatelsys.com>